影子属性和自我 ego 的隐秘帝国

English | 2024 | ISBN: 978-981-97-4014-7 | 177 pages | True EPUB PDF | 19 MB

This book explores the nature of liberal property in the twenty-first century. It contains three parts. The first examines how we have arrived at the liberal concept of property—what many scholars call the 'bundle of rights' metaphor of property. This part argues that the liberal conception embodied in the bundle of rights metaphor is really a way of masking or hiding what property really is: an exercise of ego about the way goods and resources are used. Or, put another way, it enshrines the ability to suit personal preferences about the way things are used, rather than what might better serve the common good. The second part provides an important modern critique of the bundle of rights metaphor—that, in addition to being a collection of rights, property is also about social relations that exist between people. Through these social relations, which are contained in law, any decision that a person makes about how to use a good or resource necessarily carries implications for others. While those effects can be both positive and negative, we are much more familiar with the latter, including most of the global challenges we face today—climate change, extreme weather, global hunger, and global poverty. Taking those global challenges as its focus, the final part of the book suggests possible futures of property in which it is reconceived in ways that reduce the potential for negative impacts on others.

这本书探讨了21世纪的自由主义财产的本质。包含三部分。第一部分考察我们如何到达了自由主义财产的概念——许多学者称之为“权利之束”比喻的财产概念。这部分认为，以权利之束比喻体现的自由主义观念实际上是掩盖或隐藏真正的财产：一种行使自我意志去处理物品和资源的方式。或者说，它是为了实现个人偏好的利用方式而非更好地服务于公共利益的方式。第二部分提供了一个重要的现代批评——除了是一系列的权利集合之外，财产还涉及到人与人之间存在的社会关系。通过这些社会关系，而它们蕴含在法律之中，任何一个人对如何使用物品或资源所做的决定必然会牵涉到其他人。虽然这种影响既可以是积极的也可以是消极的，但我们更熟悉后者，包括我们今天面临的大部分全球挑战——气候变化、极端天气、全球饥饿和全球贫困。本书的最后一部分以这些全球挑战为关注焦点，建议财产在未来有可能被重新定义以便减少对他人造成负面影响的可能性。

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