急性自发后颅窝出血

English | 2024 | ISBN: 1009456482 | 28 Pages | PDF (True) | 3 MB

Non-traumatic posterior fossa haemorrhage accounts for approximately 10% of all intracranial haematomas, and 1.5% of all strokes. In the posterior fossa, a small amount of mass effect can have dramatic effects, due to its small volume. This can be due to immediate transmission of pressure to the brainstem, or via occlusion of the aqueduct of Sylvius or compression of the fourth ventricle, leading to acute obstructive hydrocephalus, with the risk of tonsillar herniation. Timely investigations and management are essential to maximise good outcomes. This Element offers a brief overview of posterior fossa haemorrhage. It looks at the anatomy, aetiology, management, and surgical options, with a review of the available evidence to guide practice.

非创伤性后颅窝出血约占所有脑内出血的10%，以及所有中风的1.5%。在后颅窝，少量的占位效应可以产生巨大的影响，这是由于其体积较小所致。这可能是由于直接对延髓施加压力，或者通过阻塞侧裂池或第四脑室的压力导致急性梗阻性脑积水，从而引发枕骨 herniation的风险。及时的检查和治疗对于最大限度地提高良好的预后至关重要。该部分提供了非创伤性后颅窝出血的一个简要概述。它探讨了解剖学、病因、管理和手术选项，并回顾了可用证据以指导实践。

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